How does alcohol affect resistance to HIV infection?

Alcohol significantly impacts the immune system, particularly how it affects T-cells, which are essential for immune defense. T-cells play a crucial role in identifying and destroying infected cells and coordinating the overall immune response. When alcohol is consumed, it can compromise T-cell functions in several ways. It reduces the ability of T-cells to proliferate, produce cytokines, and respond to infections effectively. This impairment leads to a weakened immune system, making individuals more susceptible to opportunistic infections, including HIV.

This connection is critical when considering the relationship between alcohol consumption and resistance to HIV infection. Individuals with compromised immune systems are at a higher risk of contracting HIV and facing more severe health consequences if infected. Understanding this mechanism underscores the importance of addressing alcohol use in populations at risk for HIV.